What is Executive Dysfunction?

Executive dysfunction is a catch-all term that describes ongoing challenges with our ability to manage ourselves and our responsibilities. These self-management abilities are often referred to as Executive Functions and include skills such as organization, time management, task initiation, emotional regulation, and long-term planning.

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Examples of Executive Dysfunction

clock

Time blindness

Difficulty or inability to sense the passage of time

clocks

Procrastination

Difficulty in starting or initiating tasks for a variety of reasons

messy desk

Disorganization

Challenges in keeping track of personal belongings, maintaining an orderly space, and managing deadlines

person jumping

Impulsivity

Inability to understand and manage reactions to feelings or events

distracted

Distractability

Easily losing focus on a goal or objective

angry person

Irritability

Tendency to become easily annoyed or angered

Executive Function in Adults

As an adult, executive functions are absolutely essential to managing day-to-day demands at work and at home alike. From paying bills to meeting work-related deadlines, we rely on these core skills to do just about everything we need. When executive dysfunction becomes a constant, unaddressed problem, the potential for serious consequences in our lives becomes unavoidable.

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The Impacts of Executive Dysfunction

01

Life balance

Executive dysfunction can result in an inability to manage both work and personal life demands.

02

Stressors

Executive dysfunction can lead to heightened stress due to a lack of control over life demands.

03

Skills gap

Underdeveloped executive function skills from your childhood can persist into adulthood and make it more difficult to change old habits.

04

Demands outpacing capacities

When the complexity of your demands increase, executive dysfunction can prevent you from meeting expectations.

What can you do about Executive Dysfunction?

You might have heard the term "Executive Function Disorder." While there isn’t an official diagnosis called executive dysfunction disorder, substantial challenges with self-management skills can often feel like a disorder.

Icon Understand how Executive Dysfunction begins

Executive dysfunction commonly occurs in individuals with ADHD, but any lack of cognitive control in selecting and monitoring behaviors that will help you to reach your goals will also increase executive dysfunction.

Icon Know the signs of Executive Dysfunction

At work

  • Struggling to finish tasks
  • Struggling to schedule and organize projects
  • Trouble tolerating work frustrations and working with peers
  • Showing up late to work or running long meetings
  • Difficulty solving problems and considering the perspectives of co-workers
  • Struggling to decide what's most important

At home

  • Difficulty completing house chores due to distractions
  • Misplacing household items or hoarding
  • Damaging furniture or items due to emotional outbursts
  • Oversleeping or leaving food in/on the stove for too long
  • Leaving appliances inoperable for extended periods of time
  • Difficulty planning meals and paying bills on time

In relationships

  • Difficulty being present with friends or partners
  • Forgetting important dates like birthdays or anniversaries
  • Struggling to proportionately react to inconveniences or negative things
  • Difficulty making time for partners or friends
  • Difficulty resolving disagreements
  • Trouble making and committing to long-term plans/goals
Icon Evaluate if you have Executive Dysfunction

Take our Executive Function skills quiz.

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Icon Understand potential causes of Executive Dysfunction

Neurodivergence

ADHD, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), dyslexia, sensory processing disorder (SPD), nonverbal learning disability (NVLD)

Trauma

Head injury (concussion, traumatic brain injury), PTSD, early childhood neglect/deprivation/abuse

Underlying Medical or Mental Health Conditions

Depression, anxiety, dementia, OCD, and many other conditions

Icon Learn ways to manage Executive Dysfunction

Useful tips

  • Get an executive function coach.
  • Chunk out your work.
  • Find a work buddy if procrastination is an issue.

Everyday tools

  • Create daily, weekly, and monthly to-do lists.
  • Pomodoro
  • Use Google Calendar.
  • Reminder App
  • Habit List

Explore our solutions for students, adults and schools

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FOR STUDENTS
OF ALL AGES

Leaders in Executive Function coaching for students since 2006

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FOR ADULTS
IN ALL WALKS OF LIFE

A Beyond BookSmart coaching company for adults

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FOR SCHOOLS
OF ALL TYPES

A Beyond BookSmart mentoring company for school classrooms

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Whether you're a parent looking to better support your child or are simply looking to improve your own Executive Function skills, this podcast is for you.

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Check out our variety of resources and tips on Executive Function support, ADHD, mental health, and more.